A dawai shelf tells you when you have made a mistake. The bottle expires, the money is gone, and the lesson arrives whether you wanted it or not.

Khaad never does that. A bori of DAP is as good in June as it was in November, which sounds like an advantage and quietly is not — because nothing forces you to notice that your capital has been sitting in a godown since the sowing window closed.

Where khaad money actually leaks

Rate movement between buying and selling. You take a consignment at one rate. Weeks later the rate has moved, and you sell at the new one. Your margin on those specific bags is the difference between what you paid and what you charged — not between the current rate and what you charged. Shops that price off today's rate and cost off memory are guessing at their own profit, usually generously.

Capital in the godown. Fertiliser is bought in volume and sold in a rush. Between the two, a large part of a dealer's working capital is stacked against a wall. That is fine if the rush comes. It is a season's cash flow if the allocation was bigger than the district's demand.

Bags counted in kilos. A 50 kg bag entered as 50 units of a kilo-priced product prices wrong, counts wrong, and takes arithmetic to check. Small thing, and it is wrong on every single bill.

Count in the unit the trade uses

A bori is a bori. Urea 50 kg, DAP 50 kg, SOP 25 kg — each with its own rate per bag and its own count. Sell three and the stock falls by three.

That single decision fixes more than it sounds like:

  • The rate on the bill is the rate you quoted the farmer, with nothing converted in between.
  • Stock levels mean something at a glance — sixty boris is a picture, three thousand kilos is not.
  • Margin per bag is arithmetic anyone can check in their head, which is what makes it get checked.

What the record has to hold

For khaad specifically:

  • The rate you actually paid, per consignment. Not an average. When rates move mid-season the average is wrong in both directions — it flatters the old stock and punishes the new.
  • The company account. Urea from one company, DAP from another, each with its own running payable. Fertiliser is where the biggest single credit lines usually sit.
  • Movement by month. Demand is concentrated into two or three fortnights a year. A total for the season tells you nothing about whether you were holding the right thing in the right week.
  • What is left when the window closes. The bags still stacked in December are next year's buying decision, and the only way that decision improves is if somebody wrote the number down.

How AgroPOS handles it

Bag is a unit like any other — the unit belongs to the product, so a 50 kg urea bag, a 50 kg DAP bag and a 25 kg SOP pack each price and count in their own terms.

Beyond that:

  • Fertilizer, Micronutrient and Organic Fertilizer are separate product types, so a stock report or an inspection register can be filtered to khaad alone without the spray lines mixed in.
  • Purchases are recorded per company against the consignment that arrived, with a running payable for each.
  • Profit is costed at the rate each consignment was actually bought at, so a mid-season rate rise shows up as the margin change it really was.
  • Sales by month and profit by product show what moved through the sowing window and what waited.

For a shop that sells both

Most agri-input shops in Punjab and Sindh sell dawai, khaad and beej off one counter. Keeping them in separate books is how a dealer ends up with three views of one business and no total.

One product list, one khata per farmer, one day-end figure. The expiry alerts only apply to what has an expiry date; the bag counting only applies to what comes in bags; nothing has to be split.

More on stock and purchases in AgroPOS, or the rabi stocking guide for how the khaad season actually runs.